APPENDIX 6. GLOSSARY
Term | Definition |
|---|---|
ADTV | Average daily trading volume |
Carbon unit | A verified implementation result of the climatic project expressed as a mass of greenhouse gas equivalent to one tonne of carbon dioxide. |
CBI | Climate Bonds Initiative: a bond initiative for financing global climate change projects |
CDP | Carbon Disclosure Project: an international project aimed at disclosing information on GHG emissions |
Climate Project | A set of measures to reduce (prevent) greenhouse gas emissions or increase their absorption |
COP27 | The 27th UN Climate Change Conference |
COSO | Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. For the purposes of this report, COSO is a guide for organising internal control systems issued by this organisation |
COVID-19 | A coronavirus disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus |
CRS | Common Reporting Standard: a unified standard for automatic exchange of tax information |
DC | Data centre |
Direct greenhouse gas emissions | Emissions from greenhouse gas sources owned or controlled by the reporting entity |
EGRUL | Unified State Register of Legal Entities |
ESG | Environmental, social, and governance: principles of environmental protection, social responsibility, and corporate governance |
ETF | Exchange-traded funds |
FATCA | Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act |
FESE | Federation of European Securities Exchanges |
FIA | Futures Industry Association |
FIFO | First in, first out: a principle strictly applied to processing applications of participants |
FX | Foreign exchange |
Green bonds | A type of bond that meets the four principles of green bonds defined by the ICMA, with proceeds used by the issuer to finance projects committed to these principles. In general, such projects should result in specific environmental benefits and should be aimed at developing activities that contribute to environmental sustainability |
GRI SRS (GRI) | Global Reporting Initiative Sustainability Reporting Standards: the global standards for sustainability reporting |
Growth sector | An initiative of Moscow Exchange and a number of partners—an exchange sector designed to help SMEs attract investment |
HR | Human resources |
HSE | Higher School of Economics (National Research University) |
ICMA | International Capital Market Association |
IHI | International health insurance |
IIM | Innovation and Investment Market |
Indirect GHG Emissions | Emissions that result from the activities of the reporting entity, but which occur beyond its established boundaries. Scope 2 covers indirect greenhouse gas emissions associated with the company’s consumption of electricity, heat, or steam received from external generation facilities. Scope 3 corresponds to other indirect emissions, including emissions from extraction and processing of purchased materials, fuel and services; freight transportation by vehicles not owned or controlled by the reporting entity; external contractor activities; waste disposal; etc. |
IOSCO | International Organization of Securities Commissions |
IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
IPO | Initial public offering of shares on a stock exchange |
IR | Investor relations |
ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
IT | Information technology |
KPI | Key performance indicators |
KYC | Know Your Customer: a principle of banking and exchange organisations that involves vetting a counterparty before conducting a financial transaction |
MEMS | MOEX extra motivation system |
MEPhI (MEPhI National Research Nuclear University) | Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (National Research Nuclear University) |
MICEX | Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange |
MSCI | Morgan Stanley Capital International |
MVP | Minimum viable product: a concept facilitating the creation of a product with features that attract customers |
NCC | National Clearing Centre |
NAMEX | National Mercantile Exchange |
NAUFOR | National Association of Stock Market Participants |
NP | Non-profit partnership |
NSD | National Settlement Depository |
OECD | Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development |
OSAGO | Compulsory car insurance |
PJSC | Public joint-stock company |
PRI | Principles of Responsible Investment: a UN initiative to promote responsible investment principles |
Quota fulfilment unit | The quota fulfilment unit is a verified fulfilment result of the set quota expressed as a difference between the set quota and the actual mass of greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to one tonne of carbon dioxide. |
RBEN | Russian Business Ethics Network: a network of business ethics and CSR associations |
Repo | A transaction on the purchase (sale) of a security with an obligation to resell (purchase) after a certain period of time at a predetermined price specified in the agreement |
Responsible investment | An investment approach that takes into account environmental, social and governance factors, as well as issues of long-term market stability |
RES | Renewable energy sources |
Ring the Bell for Financial Literacy | An international initiative of exchanges that seeks to ensure general access of the public to basic financial literacy as part of the UN Sustainable Development Goals |
Ring the Bell for Gender Equality | An international initiative of exchanges that promotes gender equality as part of the UN Sustainable Development Goals |
RSHB | Russian Agricultural Bank |
RSPP | Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs |
SASB | Sustainability Accounting Standards Board |
SASB Security & Commodity Exchanges, Sustainability Accounting Standard | Sustainability accounting standard for security and commodity exchanges, developed by the SASB |
Scope 1 | Scope 1 (GHG), see Direct GHG Emissions |
Scope 2 | Scope 2 (GHG), see Indirect GHG Emissions |
Scope 3 | Scope 3 (GHG), see Indirect GHG Emissions |
SME | Small and medium-sized enterprises |
Social bonds | A type of bond that meets the four principles of social bonds defined by the ICMA, with proceeds used by the issuer to finance social projects committed to these principles. In general, such projects should aim to solve significant social problems |
SPO | Secondary Public Offering: a public offering of shares from an issuer already listed on a stock exchange |
SRO NFAh | Self-regulatory organisation National Financial Association |
SSE | Sustainable Stock Exchanges initiative: a UN Partnership Programme organised by the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the UN Global Compact, the UN Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI), and the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) |
Sustainability sector | An initiative of Moscow Exchange and the Ministry of Economic Development—an exchange sector aimed at promoting investment in environmental and social projects |
TCFD | Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures, created by the Financial Stability Board |
TTA | Technical training aids |
UN SDGs | United Nations Sustainable Development Goals |
UNEP FI | United Nations Environment Programme—Finance Initiative |
UNGC | United Nations Global Compact |
VEB.RF Taxonomy | The Russian National Green Finance Methodology, developed from March 2020 to May 2021 and approved by a decree of the Russian Government on 21 September 2021; the National Methodology covers the taxonomy of green projects, the taxonomy of adaptation projects, and green finance standards |
Verification of the climate project | The process of evaluating and verifying the correctness of the calculation of the number of carbon units produced |
VHI | Voluntary health insurance |
WFE | World Federation of Exchanges |
WHO | World Health Organization |